Living Construction
Post-Graduate Studio of Bamboo Construction, School of Architecture, Southeast University
课程教学成果选送第十五届威尼斯国际建筑双年展平行展“共享·再生”参展
The works of studio were selected to be exhibited at “Sharing and Regeneration”, the Collateral Event of the 15th International Architecture Exhibition/ La Biennale di Venezia 2016
双庙鸭寮地舆全图
Masterplan of the 22 Duck-pens, Shuangmiao Village, Lin’an
自然是空间与时间的总和，在天地之间、时节之序中生息变幻。农耕与建造曾经是人类可以祈求的最好的工作，人们根据自然的生息和地境的脉理劳作休养，人的需求与自然的给予取得平衡。
Nature, as the summation of space and time, propagates between heaven and earth. Agriculture and construction were once the dream jobs for human, working and recuperating in accordance with natural propagation and topographic venations, reaching a balance between human's demands and nature’s giving.
编织地形，双庙村，临安
Knitting Topography, Shuangmiao Village, Lin'an
茧寮，双庙村，临安
The Cocoon, Shuangmiao Village, Lin'an
中国悠久的农耕文明，素来遵循在四季转换中春种、夏耘、秋收、冬藏的生产节律。传统的“农家”思想，强调农事与时节、地脉以及作物的生息规律相适宜，提出“时宜”、“地宜”、“物宜”的“三宜”原则，“合天时、地脉、物性之宜，则无所差矣。”（明·马一龙）。元代王祯在《农书》中将天干、地支、四季、节气、候应与农事活动相对应，绘制了时节有序、循环往复的“授时指掌活法之图”，这是中国古代对时节转换中生息农作的最为完整的概括。
Chinese centuries-old agricultural civilization has been following production rhythm of seeding, ploughing, reaping and storing from spring to winter. Traditional NongJia’s thinking emphasizes the feasibility of farming work to seasons, topographic venations and propagation of crops. Wang Zhen at 13th Century, in “Agricultural Book”, presented a diagram of “Timing Based Propagation” representing the revolvingorder of seasons, being the most integrated summary of agricultural propagation between the shifting seasons in ancient China.
飘簧，双庙村，临安
Fluttering Bamboo, Shuangmiao Village, Lin'an
在农耕中国的传统观念中，建造是在阴阳五行构成的世界中，与天地、方位和时间的一个契约。造屋的本质，是在地脉形势中体察生气之走向，驻守生气之凝聚。宅形和方位的选择则是在山形水势之间的权衡。时间也参与到住屋与天地自然的契约之中。在天干地支的时空编码中，造基地、起工破木、定桑扇架、竖柱、盖屋和泥屋均有时日的相宜或相悖。这时间和空间的共同编码编译了宇宙万物的组成和生灵的命运。
In the traditional concept of agrarian China, construction is comprehended as a contract with earth and heaven, spaceand time. The nature of construction is observing the tendency and defending cohesion of QI inside topographic venations. Within the spatiotemporal coding of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches, every step of building a house possesses its feasibility or infeasibility to timing. Code weaved jointly by time and space compiles composition of the universe and fate of beings.
竹浪，双庙村，临安
The Waves, Shuangmiao Village, Lin'an
竹，汲取自然的灵华，在时节的节律中生长，与自然生息休戚与共。当建造用于抵抗时间的磨蚀、寻求永恒时，竹并不能作为主要材料。当建造寻求的生命契合自然的生息时，这种在中国人的日常生活和文化境界中作为重要承载的原生物材，成为最具永续性的自然材料。
Bamboo, absorbing spiritual power from nature, growing between shifts of seasons, solidarizes firmly with nature. Bamboo cannot serve as primary materials when the construction is applied to resist abrasion from time, or to seek for eternity. When the lifespan of construction conforms to the rhythm of nature, bamboo, becomes the sustainable material possessing most naturality.
宜兴丁蜀莲花荡农场景观设施全图
Masterplan of the 6 Duck-pens, Lianhuadang Farm, Yixing
稻田瞭望，莲花荡，宜兴
La Specola, Lianhuadang Farm, Yixing
东南大学建筑学院的师生，在中国稻作文化最为发达的江南——浙江临安的山区和江苏宜兴的湖网水田，开展主题为“生息营造”的教学和实践。遵循更替往复的自然节律，选择盛产于当地的原生竹材，承袭朴素便易的传统工艺，在山间田头为稻鸭共养的自然农作营建农业生产设施。在临安双庙村，课程教学历经田野调查、理论研讨、模型设计、田野搭建四个阶段。学生们在老师和当地竹匠的指导下，在田头劳作12天，为山村搭建起22个鸭寮，满足稻鸭共养的农作需要。在宜兴莲花荡农场，教学着眼对当地建造材料——竹和粘土，以及相关传统工艺的研习，结合有机种植、稻鸭共养的农事需求，为农场设计并建造了六座兼具养鸭、观景功能的竹构设施。
Teachers and students from School of Architecture, Southeast University, conducts teaching and practice based on the conception of Living Construction in the regions south of the Yangtze River, with most prosperous culture of rice cultivation—mountainous area of Lin’an, Zhejiang Province, and reticula lake area of Yixing, Jiangsu Province. Following supersedure of nature, the primordial material of bamboo abound in the local area was chosen, adopting primitive technics and craftship, to construct agriculture infrastructures as duck pens for natural farming of Rice-duck Mutualism. In ShuangMiao Village, Lin’an, the teaching process contains four steps — field investigation, theoretical study, model design and insitu construction. 32 graduate students, under tutorial ofteachers and local bamboo craftsmen, worked for 12 days in the field, and finally constructed 22 duck pens, meeting the farming requirements of Rice-duck Mutualism. In Lianhuadang Farm, Yixing, teaching focuses on the research study of local natural materials such as bamboo and clay, as well as relative traditional technics, combining consideration of organic agriculture and Rice-duck Mutualism. 6 bamboo infrastructures were built possessing functions of duck breeding and sight viewing.
画桥
Ponte Bamboo, Lianhuadang Farm, Yixing
竹径扶疏，莲花荡，宜兴
The Shadowing, Lianhuadang Farm, Yixing
生息营造的教学实践，讨论乡村建设中材料与技术选择的在地性与可持续性，曾经在自然生息中经久持续的耕作与建造，在当今的生产消费条件下如何得以再生与发展。师生们以切身的经历，触摸到土地与材料，体会着建造与场所、风土及人的关联，以及更为根本的，寻求对人与土地、生产与生息、建造与自然间关系的理解。
Teaching and practice of Living Construction discusses the locality and sustainability of materials and technics in rural context, likewise, how the once enduring unremitting cultivation and construction in nature could survive and regenerate in the conditions du jour of mass production and excessive consumption. Teachers and students, experienced interconnection between construction and places, between people and local natural conditions, and more fundamentally, sought for the understanding of the relationship between human and earth, production and propagation, construction and nature.
课程教学团队 Team Members
任课教师 Instructors
张彤，东南大学建筑学院教授
Tong ZHANG, Professor, School of Architecture, Southeast University
唐芃，东南大学建筑学院副教授
Peng TANG, Associate Professor, School of Architecture, Southeast University
焦键，东南大学建筑学院讲师
Jian JIAO, Lecturer,School of Architecture, Southeast University
陈浩如，中国美院建筑学院
Haoru CHEN（Guest tutor）, Associate Professor,School of Architecture, China academy of Art
团队成员 Students
临安Lin’an
郭梓峰/Zifeng GUO，吕彬/Bin LYU，黎德圆/Duc Vien LE
刘静萍/Jingping LIU，汤晓骏/Xiaojun TANG ，刘耀坤/Yaokun LIU
马丹红/Danhong MA ，郑星/Xing ZHENG ，仲文洲/Wenzhou ZHONG
袁成龙/Chenglong YUAN ，黄里达/Lida HUANG ，陈雅婷/Yating CHEN
杨浩腾/Haoteng YANG ，姚远/Yuan YAO ，刘洁莹/Jieying LIU ，闫楠/Nan YAN
张一波/Yibo ZHANG，钱坤/Kun QIAN，齐文举/Wenju QI
李雪倩/Xuanqian LI ，乔培森/Peisen QIAO,潘俊宇/ Junyu PAN
史伟浩/Weihao SHI，方冬青/DongqingFANG，徐正平/Zhengping XU
张苇弦/Weixian ZHANG，孙露/Lu SUN，姜方昕/Fangxin JIANG
郭一鸣/Yiming GUO，张军军/Junjun ZHANG，于长江/Changjiang YU
宜兴Yixing
黄旭/Xu HUANG，江琪/Qi JIANG，徐洋/Yang XU，马腾飞/Tengfei MA，施晓梅/Xiaomei SHI
冯璐/ Lu FENG，严星瑶 /Xingyao YAN，张珲Hui ZHANG
Amanov Aman，顾鹏/Peng GU，倪钰翔/YuxiangNI，曾从炜/Congwei ZENG，曾媛/Yuan ZENG
张玮玮/Weiwei ZHANG，朱梦源/Mengyuan ZHU
窦娜/Na DOU ，崔旭峰/Xufen CUI ，苏凯强/Kaiqiang SU
王笑/Xiao WANG ，余君望/Junwang YU ，张新开/Xinkai ZHANG
徐培超/Peichao XU ，任雅静/Yajing REN，张濛/Meng ZHANG
