Archive Project

两个档案项目

The lecture will address two issues both related to the speaker’s research on Japanese Urbanization. The first part will focus on the acquisition of the Kenzo Tange archive and the role of archives of drawings as opposed to the archives of books. The second part will focus on the role of our web-based archive of research at Japanstory.org.

本次发言有两个主题，涉及演讲者正在进行的有关日本城市化的研究。第一部分将聚焦丹下健三档案的引进，并说明相对于书籍档案而言，图纸档案有哪些重要作用。第二部分将侧重于哈佛设计学院建立的网络档案馆Japanstrory.org，以及它在研究中的作用。

Isomorphism: The Classification of Ancient Chinese Books and the Social Production of Ancient Chinese Architecture

书同文 行同伦——中国古籍文献分类与中国古建筑的社会建造

The classification of ancient Chinese books has its own unique system, at least from the Sui Dynasty to Qing Dynasty (581-1911) maintained a stable structure, represents the regularity of Chinese traditional knowledge system and cultural system development. It also is a kind of cognitive the social production of ancient Chinese architecture, because to some extent, architecture has accumulated technological social creation and cultural belonging. The lecture will analyze the isomorphism of the hierarchy about the both of documents and buildings. On this basis how the complexity and intersections of architecture will be further discussed, it involves changes depending on person, places and time, so as to contribute to a deeper understanding of the order and intrinsic richness of the social construction of ancient Chinese architecture.  

中国古籍文献分类有着自己独特的体系，至少从隋代到清代保持有稳定的结构，代表着中国传统知识体系和文化体系的规则性发展，也是认知中国古建筑的社会建造的一种路径，因为建筑在一定程度上积淀有技术的社会创造及文化归属。报告将从因类分书和因等建造形成的文献与建筑的同构性进行分析，并在此基础上提出建筑呈现的复杂性和交叉性，还因人、因地、应时而变化，从而有助于深入理解中国古建筑的社会建造呈现的秩序性和内在丰富性。

Activating the Discipline of Architecture: Architecture, Cities, and Regions in Asia

激活建筑学科——亚洲的建筑、城市及区域 

The author points out Asian Architectural Archive Center represents the real work of The Belt and Road Initiative, and puts emphasis on the specificity of Asian studies, which relates to the precious experience of the way of development of Asian countries. Then, for the purpose of activating the discourse of architecture and urbanism, there are worth to pay attention on two characteristics of the archive materials: the verbal matters and the visual matters. Finally, to conclude with spatial symbolic of AAAC as “Pavilion holding scripture depository” of traditional temple: it is not only a building for documents preserving, but also a “living architecture” where activating the discipline of architecture leading by advance scholarly research in architectural history and theory.

作者指出亚洲建筑档案中心积极再现“一带一路”倡议的真实工作，强调亚洲研究的的特殊性，其中，亚洲各国的发展道路是最为珍贵的研究信息。然后，基于激活建筑与都市设计规划的论述话语的目标，强调收集档案资料的两大特点：（1）文字言词方面的，（2）视觉图绘方面的，都值得注意收集。最后，以亚洲建筑档案中心的空间象征，传统文化里寺庙“藏经楼”作为结论：这里不仅是保存文献的建筑物，而是以建筑历史和理论的学术研究引领，激活建筑学科的“活的建筑”。

Archive and Time

档案与时间

Archive establishes an order of the past and a conception of time since the ancient Greeks. What if time in Chinese thought is fundamentally different from that in Greek philosophy? How would this understanding impact on the establishment of an archive in China? François Jullien argues, in The Silent Transformations (2011), that Western philosophy has conceived of time since the ancient Greeks as consisting of determinable events and ruptures, rendering the notion of transition incomprehensible. Chinese thought, however, is far more tuned towards transition, as silent transformations (qianyi mohua), giving us a divergent framework; its modern rendition of the Western concept of time is “between moments” (shijian), subtly shifting from events to transformations. If, as Derrida suggests in Archive Fever (1996), Western anxiety of the archive is one of omission, China’s anxiety may be one of loss of the past being archived away. China’s insistence on renovating past documents and architecture (xiujiu ruxin) may have indeed given us an important opportunity to rethink.

自古希腊以来，档案建立了过去的秩序以及时间的概念。中国思想中的时间概念与古希腊哲学中的时间概念是否有所不同？这个不同的时间概念对档案馆在中国的建立有何影响？法国哲学家朱利安以中国思想中的“潜移默化”为线索，认为古希腊的时间概念建立在可确定的断裂性事件的理解之上，对无声变迁没概念。中国思想却重视了无声变迁的重要性，为我们提供了不同的思想框架。时间的“间“是中文对西方以事件为中心的时间概念的修改。如果德里达认为西方的“档案发烧”是对收档不全的焦虑，而中国思想中的焦虑也许是过去消失在档案之中。中国对经典和建筑遗产修旧如新的执着为我们提出了一个重要的思考机会。

Surrogates? NO, (humanmade) CULTURE

电子替代品？不，我们要的是（人的）文化

Activating the Archive: Historical Material in Contemporary Context

激活档案——当代语境中的历史材料

Established more than a decade ago, the Azrieli Architectural Archive stores collections of leading architects and architectural scholars from Israel.Prof. Arch. Eran Neuman will present the challenges that he and his colleagues faced in formulating the archive, as well as future challenges ahead of them. 

阿兹瑞尔档案馆成立于十多年前，收藏了以色列主要建筑师与建筑学者的材料。学者/建筑师伊兰·纽曼教授将介绍他与同事们在创建档案馆时遭遇的困难，以及未来将面临的挑战。

Architectural Archives of the Real-size Buildings in the Tokyo Tech Campus

真实建筑作为档案：东京工业大学校园里的建筑

There are several specific buildings designed by former and active professors, corresponding to each time, in Tokyo Tech Ookayama campus. It can be considered to functioning as one of the architectural archives of the real-size buildings. In this short lecture, such kinds of buildings are introduced, and how Tokyo Tech have preserved and cherished them are shown. Moreover, it is mentioned, in case of each actual design phase, graduate students of Tokyo Tech have taken part in working under the professors in charge of each project and been able to learn architectural sprit and practice from them any time. Therefore, it is clarified that those archives are also functioning as practical teaching materials. 

在东京工业大学大冈山校区中，有一些由前任和现任教授设计的建筑，它们与每位教授所处的时代相呼应。这些建筑可以被视为一座收藏了真实建筑的档案馆。在本次简短的讲座中，我会介绍这些建筑，并展示东京理工大学如何保存和珍惜它们。此外还会提到，在每个项目的实际设计阶段，东京工业大学的研究生都参与到主创教授的工作中，因此他们能随时从教授那里学习到建筑理念和实践中的知识。因此，这些被视作档案的真实建筑也展现出实践教材的作用。

Fluid Archives: Access to the Recent Past

流动的档案馆：访问近期往事的窗口

The majority of architectural archives are static and passive. They collect legacies from retired or dead architects and their offices. They mainly focus on objects. The structure of these object-based, static archives, informs research. It privileges the monographic approach, the reproduction of sources, and the distance in time.

Following the ideas of the Canadian archivist Terry Cook, the presentation opts for a dynamic archive which, rather than focusing on objects, locates processes. This dynamic, or “fluid” archive can adapt to the current acceleration of historical change and give access to the recent past. Rather than copying the model of the European archives as repositories of static knowledge, Asia has the opportunity to develop alternative forms of dynamic archives.

大多数的建筑档案是静态和被动的。他们收集退休或去世的建筑师及其事务所的遗产，主要关注于物件的收集。这些以物件为基础的静态档案中的组织架构为后世的研究提供了依据。这种组织架构有利于专著的写作、基于原始档案的再生产以及跨越时间的研究。

遵循加拿大档案员特里·库克的观点，本报告倾向于一种动态的档案馆，它更侧重过程，而非只关注物件。这种动态的或“流动的”档案馆可以适应当前不断提速的历史变化，并提供访问近期往事的窗口。与其复制欧洲档案馆模式，成为静态知识的仓库，亚洲有机会另辟蹊径，发展出多种形式的动态档案馆。

Then Now

当时与现在

This talk will introduce a set of observations about what archives have meant for me in my own work, also what I take to be their typical characteristics (though each has its own character or atmosphere), and what one would look for in the development of a new one. I’ll provide brief descriptions of four archives in different parts of the world and explain what they provided and provoked in my research, writing, and teaching. I’ll also try to address the basic question about what archives mean for the discipline of architecture and the society to which it contributes—more generally, how things produced “then” are pertinent “now.”

这个讲座将谈论：1）通过一组我的亲身体会和观察，讲述档案馆对我本人工作的重要意义，2）我总结的档案馆的典型特征（尽管每个档案馆都有自己的特点或氛围），3）以及人们对一个正在创立的档案馆所抱有的期盼。我将简要介绍四个不同地区的档案馆，并解释它们对我的研究、写作和教学所提供的帮助与激发的思考。我还将尝试解决一个基本问题，即档案对建筑学科、以及对建筑所服务的社会而言有着怎样的意义，换言之，“当时”产生的事物如何与“现在 ”相关联。

Penn’s Architectural Archives at 44

四十四岁的宾大建筑档案馆

The Architecture Archive at the School of Architecture, University of Puerto Rico: An Active Institution

波多黎各大学建筑学院的建筑档案馆——一个活跃的机构

Since its creation 36 years ago, the Architecture and Construction Archive at the University of Puerto Rico has become a center for the conservation of 20th century architecture in Puerto Rico, but also its premier research center. Through outreach activities and scholarly publications and exhibitions the Archives has reconstructed the histories of 20th century Puerto Rican architecture and aims at being an essential component in the education of future architect.

自创建36年以来，波多黎各大学建筑和建设档案馆已成为波多黎各20世纪建筑遗产保护的中心，同时也是首要的研究中心。通过档案引进、学术出版和展览，档案馆重构了20世纪波多黎各建筑的多重历史，并希望在未来建筑师教育中，成为一个重要的组成部分。

Archive: A Construction of the Future

档案馆：一种对未来的构建

I consider the (architectural) archive as a “memory palace” but in the context of a cultural amnesia. In the late 1970s, a group of conscientious architects in Bangladesh realized and identified gaps in their historical repertoire that, they argued, made the production of contemporary architecture arbitrary, irrelevant, and even vacuous. Such gaps were seen as indicative of an amnesia. In order to restore an archival content – a cultural repository – a select group of architects formed the Chetana Architecture Research Society in 1983. Documenting and archiving assumed a greater, critical role – the work was seen as an attempt for recovery of loss and a cultural project for catalyzing contemporary architecture. Besides intellectual activism, their tasks included identification, documentation and dissemination of works of architecture that had virtually remained invisible in architectural discourse. In the programs of Chetana, archiving became an urgent cultural project, a fundamental resource for the production of the new, and a catalyst for the current energetic production in contemporary architecture in Bangladesh. The Bengal Institute for Architecture, Landscapes and Settlements, founded in 2015, is a natural continuation of the intentions of Chetana but working at the larger scale of architecture – the city, the region and the landscape. How does the project of archiving work at that scale?

我认为，在文化失忆的背景下，（建筑）档案馆是一座“记忆宫殿”。20世纪70年代末，孟加拉国一群自觉的建筑师意识到并定位了他们历史遗产中的空缺。他们认为，这些空缺让当代建筑的产生变得专断片面、与历史毫无瓜葛、甚至意义匮乏。这种空缺被视作一种失忆症的表现。为了恢复像文化宝库一样的档案内容，一群经过筛选的建筑师在1983年成立了切塔纳建筑研究会。随后，记录文件和建立档案发挥了更加关键的作用——这项工作不仅弥补了损失，更成为催化当代建筑的一个文化项目。除了激进的学术活动，他们的任务还包括识别、记录和传播那些在建筑课堂中几乎闭口不谈的建筑作品。在切塔纳项目中，建立档案不仅作为一个紧迫的文化项目，也是新事物的产生所依赖的基础资源，更成为促进孟加拉国当代建筑蓬勃发展的催化剂。孟加拉建筑、景观和住区研究所成立于2015年，传承了切塔纳项目的意志，但研究的对象扩大到更大尺度的建筑——城市、区域和景观。试问，在这种尺度下，建档的工作如何运作？